
步入2024年,市场对美联储 (FED) 及欧洲央行 (ECB) 提前降息的希望逐渐消退。由于近期经济数据表现强劲,两大央行均淡化了在短期内降息的可能性。美国经济继续展现韧性,稳健的扩张势头使美联储必须谨慎行事;若过早降息,可能重新点燃通胀压力,这是央行所极力避免的。
与此同时,美国经济内部仍存在增长放缓的迹象,显示经济或正逐步走向更广泛的放缓阶段。这一微妙的平衡使美联储在制定政策时面临挑战,任何政策失误都可能对美国及全球金融市场造成深远影响。
与我们此前的预期一致,欧元区同样面临类似的通胀压力,能源价格持续高企使通胀表现顽固,限制了欧洲央行放松货币政策的空间。我们预计,两大央行在权衡通胀风险与经济放缓风险的过程中,将保持高度警惕。
与此同时,中国的货币政策方向则截然不同。中国政府近期将5年期贷款市场报价利率 (LPR) 下调25个基点至3.95%,以提振经济并支持房地产市场。在 “白名单” 项目下,商业银行被鼓励向经地方政府确认的房地产项目提供融资。这些迅速而积极的措施体现了政府“前置式”刺激的决心,以避免房地产市场疲弱情绪进一步恶化。我们认为,相关政策将在未来持续优化,确保房地产行业走向更可持续的稳定复苏。
中国经济复苏迹象已开始显现。近期的货币数据呈现向好趋势,春节期间的旅游与消费活动也显示出国内需求的回暖。在外贸方面,中国出口已连续两个月增长 (截至2023年12月),进一步强化了2024年的积极前景。政策层面的快速行动与力度也呼应了国务院再次强调的“要采取有力措施”以提振经济与资本市场信心。
日本方面也表现亮眼,经济正受益于期待已久的企业改革。经过数十年的通缩阶段,日本似乎正逐渐摆脱长期通缩。旨在提升企业利润率及强化股东回报的改革正逐步见效,标志着日本长达30年通缩时代的结束。我们相信,这将为股东释放更多价值,并为日本市场带来可观的增长机会。
总体而言,我们对亚洲市场的前景保持乐观,尤其是在中国与日本持续推出积极经济措施的背景下。相较之下,我们对美国市场保持谨慎态度,鉴于通胀压力与科技板块高集中度所带来的潜在风险。展望未来,增长、通胀与央行政策之间的平衡将继续主导全球市场格局,而亚洲有望成为2024年投资者眼中的亮点。
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